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TOPIC: GASEOUS STATE AND GAS LAWS
CONTENTS:
- Boyle’s law
- Charles’ law
- General gas law
- Ideal gas law
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PERIOD 1:  BOYLE’S LAW
The relationship between volume and pressure of a gas was first started by Robert Boyle in 1662.
Boyle’s law states that the volume of a given mass of gas is inversely proportional to its pressure, provided that the temperature remains constant.
According to Boyle’s law, volume of a gas increases as the pressure decreases and vice versa.
This relationship is independent of the nature of the gas and it can be expressed mathematically as:
V = 1/p
V = k/p
Or PV =k
Where V= volume at pressure P
K = a mathematical constant
For a given mass of a gas, the product of its pressure and its volume is always a constant. If the pressure of a given mass of gas increases, its volume will decrease by a similar proportion and vice versa, as long as the temperature remain constant. This relationship can also be expressed mathematically as:
P1V1 = P2 V2
Where V1 = volume at pressure P1
V2= Volume at pressure P2
Boyle’s law can still be re-stated as: ‘The pressure of a given mass of gas is inversely proportional to its volume, provided the temperature remains constant. Boyle’s law can further be illustrated with the diagram below, showing that when P is increasing, V is decreasing and when P is decreasing, V is increasing.
P1 = Initial pressure
P2= Final pressure
V1=Initial volume
V2= final volume
Graphical representation of Boyle’s law
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