The content is just an excerpt from the complete note for SS3 First Term Chemistry Lesson Note – Alkanoates. Check below to download the complete DOCUMENT
WEEK 2
TOPIC: ALKANOATES:
- Sources, nomenclature.
- Preparation and structure.
- Physical and chemical properties and uses.
PERIOD 1: SOURCES, NOMENCLATURE
Alkanoates are found widely in nature. Short carbon chain simple alkanoates exist as liquids and have a characteristic pleasant smell. They occur in essential oils, many fruits and flowers and sometimes called fruit essence because of the pleasant odours. The general molecular formula is CnH2n+1COOCnH2n+1. The structural formula is:
The names end in-ate
EVALUATION:
- State four sources of alkanoate
- Give the IUPAC names of the following:
- CH3CH2CH2CH2CH2COOC3H7
- HCOOC2H5
- Draw the structures of the following”
- Ethyl butanoate, propyl ethanoate, propyl propanoate.
PERIOD 2: PREPARATION OF ALKANOATE
Alkanoates are prepared by esterification reaction between alkanoic acid and alkanols in the presence of concentrated tetraoxosulphate (vi) acid.
RCOOH + R1OH → RCOOR1 + H2O
In this reaction the alkyl group of alkanol replaces the acidic hydrogen of the alkanoic acid
Ethanoic acid reacts with ethanol to give ethyl ethanoate.
CH3COOH + CH3CH2OH → CH3COOCH2CH3 + H2O
Ethyl propanoate is prepared by the reaction between ethanol and propanoic acid.
To gain full access to the note: DOWNLOAD FILE