SS2 Civic Education Lesson Note on List of what happens during Emergency Periods

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CLASS:                      SS2

TOPIC:                     HUMAN RIGHTS   

CONTENT:               LIST OF WHAT HAPPENS DURING EMERGENCY PERIODS.

Sub-Topic: A list of what happens during emergency periods.

Things that Happen During Emergency periods:

 A period of emergency in a nation or state could be described as periods of tension, uncertainty characterized by unpleasant occurrences which affects human rights. The rights of individuals are usually limited or restricted during emergency periods because chaos replaces peace and lives and properties are in serious danger. During emergency some aspects of the constitution are suspended and security operatives such as the Police and Armed forces are drafted into such areas affected by the crisis and their presence sometimes can be quite uncomfortable and unpleasant. Indeed, living a community life becomes very difficult in such areas.

The following are some of the things that happen during the period of emergency:

1. Limitation of Movement: Citizens of such environment are advised to stay indoors thereby restricting their movement and this action cannot be challenged in a law court.
2. Imposition of curfew: A dusk to dawn curfew may be imposed and people’s movement is restricted even in the night.
3. Suspension of Legislation: The legislative arm of government is usually the first victim of emergency rule. The act of law making is suspended and the law makers are immediately sacked and authoritarian rule takes over. The Governor also is appointed to take over the administration of that state.
4. Suspension of Freedom of Assembly: During emergency period, the right of assembly of the people is taken away. The gathering of people especially for political reasons is termed unlawful and could be jailed for so doing. Cases of such occurred during the military era.
5. Loss of Freedom of Expression: During emergency rule, people are too afraid to express their opinion because those who dare to do so undergo serious harassment, torture, jailed or even killed. The media are usually targets and victims.
6. Breakdown of law and Order: During periods of emergency, some people may be unfortunate. They may lose their lives or properties or even both.
7. Indefinite closure of some public Institutions: In emergency, some institutions may be forced to close down due to fear of uncertainty, institutions such as Educational Institutions, Hospitals, Worship centers, Airports, etc.
8. Criminal Activities: During emergency periods, some individuals or organized group may resort to committing all sorts of crimes such as looting, rape, arson-burning of people’s houses, or worship places, blocking roads and burning tyres on major roads and streets, etc.
9. Displacement of Persons: During periods of emergency, people because of fear of losing their lives run from their homes and become refugees. This is usually the case during wars, communal clashes/crisis, fire disaster, flooding earthquake, etc.
10. Outbreak of Diseases: Prolonged period of emergency may lead to shortage of food at refugee camps, outbreak of diseases such as cholera, kwasakor resulting from overcrowding, poor sanitary conditions etc.

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