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WEEK 8
TOPIC: INDUSTRY
CONTENT:
- Meaning of industry.
- Classification of Industries
- Factors affecting location of industries
- Problems of Industrial location
SUB-TOPIC 1: MEANING AND CLASSIFICATION OF INDUSTRIES
MEANING OF INDUSTRY
It is a general business activity that is concerned with the processing of raw materials and manufacturing of goods into semi – finished or finished products.
CLASSIFICATION OF INDUSTRIES
Industries are of 3 different types namely (i) Primary (ii) Secondary (iii) Tertiary industries.
- Primary Industries are those industries involved in the extraction (removing) of raw materials provided by nature, e.g. mining, fishing, lumbering, farming and livestock production.
- Secondary industries turn raw materials into consumable or finished goods, e.g. construction, building textile, ship building, iron and steel and chemical industries.
- Tertiary industries are concerned with rending services. Examples include direct services like trading, banking, teaching, medical and transportation. It can be indirect services like the police, soldiers, custom etc.
Industries can also be classified into local craft or cottage industries and manufacturing industries.
- Local craft or cottage industries depend on raw materials obtained from their immediate locality e.g. leather works, pottery, carving, cloth wearing, basket making, brass making etc.
- Manufacturing industries are those which can convert raw materials combined with other materials to produce finished goods, using special machines and equipment. Examples are textile, food processing, iron and steel, shoe, petro-chemicals etc.
Manufacturing industries are classified into 3 groups.
- LIGHT INDUSTRIES: These are secondary industries. They produce relatively light weight goods such as matches, television sets, fans, books, and pencils. Examples are the leather industry, food industry, textile industry, printing and publishing industries etc.
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