SS 2 First Term Agricultural Science Lesson Note – Farm Planning

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SUBJECT: AGRICULTURAL SCIENCE

CLASS: SS 2

TOPIC:            FARM PLANNING

CONTENT: 1. Meaning and Importance of Farm Planning

2. Factors to be considered in Farm Planning and Design of Farmstead

SUB TOPIC 1: MEANING AND IMPORTANCE OF FARM PLANNING

Farm planning is the sketching, outlining and drawing of the farmstead as well as arrangement of the land for proper usage without the risk of land degradation. It is also the general arrangement of a farm before and after its take off.

IMPORTANCE OF FARM PLANNING

1. It helps in determining the actual dimension of the farmland
2. It promotes neatness of the farm
3. It helps to describe the future of the soil units
4. It helps to maximize the use of labour and other factors of production
5. It helps in the location of farm structures and buildings
6. It can be used in the preparation of feasibility studies
7. It prevents wastage of farmland and other inputs
8. It is a prerequisite in the registration of farm enterprise
9. It can be used as collateral for getting loans
10. It helps farmers to project his yield before harvesting

EVALUATION

1. Define the term farm planning
2. Why is farm planning important?

SUB TOPIC 2: FACTORS TO BE CONSIDERED IN FARM PLANNING AND DESIGN OF FARMSTEAD

A farmstead refers to the buildings which serve as a home for farm animals and production centers for plants. These include shades, orchards, barns, pens, farm shops, ware house, store, processing and handling units etc. The following factors are necessary in planning and design of farmstead

1. Climatic factors: these include rainfall, temperature, air movement, relative humidity and light intensity. These factors should be considered because they have both direct and indirect consequence on agricultural production. For example, a pen should not be located in the direction of wind and light but against wind direction to prevent the movement of rain into the pen during heavy rainfall
2. Nature of Soil: Knowledge of the soil type is needed in farm planning and design of a farmstead. This is because any building sited on heavy clayey soil can cause the foundation to be dislodged. More so, buildings should not be sited on fertile land good for crops but on a poor soil as long as they provide good drainage.
3. Accessibility: the farmland must be accessible to everyone that has something to do on the farm. This will ease transportation and conveyance of goods in and out of the farm
4. Topography of the Land: the topography of the land should be high and level. Building should be on a straight elevation. Erosion should be avoided as much as possible by avoiding sloppy land.
5. Economic factors: these refer to the nearness to the factors of productions. In constructing the farmstead, availability of capital, labour etc are very necessary. In short, the best and cost ratio should be carefully analysed.
6. Water Supply: this is very important because

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