JSS2 Civic Education Lesson Note on Protection of Human Rights and the Rule of Law

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Topic: PROTECTION OF HUMAN RIGHTS AND THE RULE OF LAW

 Content:

1. Ways of protecting human right: Role of Individuals and groups
2. Groups that Assist in Protecting Human Rights of Citizens

(Ways of protecting human right: Role of Individuals and groups):

Human Rights are basic rights that every human being should be entitled to. All these rights are enshrined in the constitution of a country and are expected to be protected by the government of a country.

1. An accused person can be represented in a court of law by his lawyer(s).
2. Cases of human right violations could be taken care of through protest matches and media coverage. An accused person may also engage on hunger strike
3. There are some human rights protection agencies existing in a country to defend the rights of the citizen such as the Civil Liberty Organization, committee for the defense of human rights, the civil rights projects, trade unions, students union, Ethnic Associations and Legal Aid Council
4. The legislature can equally make an enabling law to protect the fundamental human rights
5. International organizations like the United Nations and African Union as well as Common Wealth of Nations can help to protect the rights of the citizens by warning oppressive nations.
6. Pressure groups and political parties can influence public or government decision to enhance the rule of law

Groups that Assist in Protecting Human Rights of Citizens

The following bodies or groups normally assist in protecting human rights of the citizens: Students’ unions, trade unions, ethnic associations, legal aid councils, etc.

(i)  Civil Societies:

These groups of civil societies comprise the voluntary and civil organizations/institutions. These groups include: Non-governmental organizations (NGOs), cultural groups, religious organizations, Nigeria Labour Congress (NLC), Committee for the Defence of Human Rights (CDHR), Students’ unions, etc.

(ii)  Trade Union:

This is the body that combines all association of workers seeking to improve the economic and social well-being of its members through group actions. In Nigeria, the central body is called Nigeria Labour Congress (NLC). In February, 1978 the NLC was formed and Inaugurated with affiliate members.

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