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SELECTED DISEASES OF FARM ANIMALS
|
DISEASES |
AFFECTED ANIAMLS |
CAUSAL ORGANISMS | MODE OF TRANSMISSION |
SYMPTOMS |
PREVENTION/CONTROL |
| Anthrax | All farm animals | Bacteria | Contaminated feed, water, equipment and infected animals | High temperature,
Blood ooze from natural openings, swollen body and sudden death |
Annual vaccination,
Bury the dead stock |
| Brucellosis | Cattle, sheep, goat and pig | Bacteria | Contaminated feed and water, discharges and aborted feotus | Premature birth, still birth,
Retention of placenta |
Vaccination, good sanitation and management |
| Mastitis | Cattle, sheep, goat and pig | Bacteria | Dirty floor & milkers’ hand and injured udder | High temperature, uneasiness in cow when milked, pain | Observe good sanitation avoid overcrowding, |
| TB (Wasting disease) | Cattle, pigs and poultry | Bacteria | Infected feed, water, litter, dropping, animals and inhalation of germs | Persistent coughing, emaciation, milk reduction, high mortality, acute dry cough, pale comb and wattle | Good sanitation, isolation, vaccination,
Burn the affected animals |
| Foot & mouth disease | Cattle, sheep, goat and pigs | Virus | Infected urine, milk, droppings, animals | Lameness, inflammation of teat and udder, blisters on teat | Vaccination, isolation, burn infected materials |
| Rinder pest | Cattle, sheep and goat | Virus | Contact with and contaminated faeces, urine, feed and water | Blood stained faeces, difficult breathing, weakness, emaciation, high mortality | Isolation, vaccination and avoid migration of stock |
| Newcastle | Poultry, rabbit | Virus | Contaminated water, feed, litter and breed | Diarrhea, muscular tremor, nasal discharge, difficult breathing, sneezing, twisting of neck, paralysis | Sanitation, vaccination, disinfection of pen, kill, burn, burry the infected birds |
| Chronic Respiratory disease | Poultry, rabbit | Virus | Contaminated feed, water, overcrowding, poor sanitation and management | Difficult breathing, nasal discharge, choking nose and death | Isolation, vaccination, good sanitation and bury dead birds |
| Aspergilosis | Cattle, pigs and poultry | Fungi | Contaminated feed, equipment, litter, and inhalation of spores | Respiratory disorder, emaciation, high temperature, difficult breathing | Good sanitation, disinfection of pen, good feeding |
| Ring worm | Cattle, sheep, goats, pigs, and rabbit | Fungi | Contact with infected stock and troughs(drinker and feeder) | Loss of appetite, emaciation, lesion on the skin and skin irritation | Disinfection of pens, sanitation and dressing the affected part with sulphur solution |
| Coccidiosis/Red
Diarrhea |
poultry | Protozoa | Contaminated feed, water, droppings, litters, overcrowding etc | Blood-stained diarrhea, emaciation, loss of hair and appetite, dullness | Disinfection of pen, sanitation, use of antibiotics |
| Trypanosomiasis | Cattle, sheep, goat and pig | Protozoa | Blood-sucking tsetse fly (Glossina ssp) | Loss of appetite, weight, dry coat, nervous disorder, dullness, drowsiness, anemia | Give trypanosomide, Isolation, spraying, avoid tsetse fly infected area |
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