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WEEK 2
TOPIC: OXIDATION – REDUCTION (REDOX) REACTION
CONTENT: 1. OXIDATION AND REDUCTION
- Redox reactions
- Oxidation numbers of central element in some compounds
- Connection of oxidation number with IUPAC name
- Oxidizing and reducing agents
- Redox equation
PERIOD 1: OXIDATION AND REDUCTION
Redox is a short form for reduction and oxidation reactions. The two reactions are opposing and complementary and they occur simultaneously. Redox has the following definitions
- Definition of Oxidation reactions with examples
- In terms of addition of oxygen: Oxidation is the addition of oxygen or removal of hydrogen from a substance. Any reaction where there is addition of oxygen to a reactant is regarded as Oxidation.
Some examples are:
(i) 2Mg(s) + O2(g) → 2MgO(s) oxidation of magnesium
(ii) C(s) + 2ZnO(s) → CO2 (g) + 2Zn(s)
In this reaction, oxygen (O) was added to carbon (C) to form Carbon (iv) oxide (CO2). That is carbon was oxidized to Carbon (iv) oxide.
- In terms of hydrogen removal: Oxidation is the removal of hydrogen from a compound e.g. (i) combustion of hydrogen sulphide
2H2S(g) + O2(g) → 2H2O(l) + 2S(s)
H2S(g) + Cl2(g) → 2HCl2(g) + S(s)
In both reactions, hydrogen sulphide was oxidized to Sulphur. The second reaction shows that oxidation can occur without the involvement of oxygen
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