SS2 Third Term Chemistry Lesson Note – Alkanols

The content is just an excerpt from the complete note for SS2 Third Term Chemistry Lesson Note – Alkanols. Check below to download the complete DOCUMENT

WEEK: 9

TOPIC: ALKANOLS

CONTENT:     

1. Classes and types of alkanols
2. Laboratory and industrial production of alkanols,
3. Physical and chemical properties of alkanols
4. Laboratory test and uses of alkanols.

PERIOD 1: CLASSES AND TYPES OF ALKANOLS

CLASSES OF ALKANOLS

There are three classes of alkanols – primary, secondary and tertiary.

Primary () alkanols: These have only one alkyls group attached to the carbon atom that carries the hydroxyl group e.g. C₂H₅OH, C₄H₉OH etc. Example:   C₂H₅OH,

Secondary () alkanols: These have two alkyls attached to the carbon that carries the hydroxyl group e.g., Example: CH₃ CH2 CH (OH) CH₃ (Botan – 2- ol)

Tertiary () Alkanols: These have three alkyl group attached to the carbon atom that carries the hydroxyl group. Example:

C (CH₃)₃OH (2-methylpropan-2-ol).

TYPES OF ALKANOLS

1. Trihydric alkanols: These are alkanols with three (3) OH groups per molecule e.g. propane-1, 2, 3-triol
2. Dihydric alkanols: These contain 2 OH groups per molecule e.g. ethane-1, 2-diol
3. Monohydric alkanols: These contain only one (1) OH group per molecule e.g. ethanol, C₂H₅OH, etc.

They have the general molecular formula C_nH2_n+1OH. This is sometimes written as ROH. Where R stands for an alkyl group

To gain full access to the note: DOWNLOAD FILE