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PERIOD 4:  COMPOUNDS OF OXYGEN

Binary Compounds of Oxygen- Classification of Oxides

Based on their acid –base properties, there are four classes of oxides of elements in Periods 2 and 3: acidic, basic, amphoteric and neutral.

Acid oxides: These are of non-metals which dissolve in water to form acidic solution. And react with base to form salt and water. Examples of acid oxides are P5O10, NO2, SO2, SiO2 etc. They are called acid anhydride. E.g.

CO2 +NaOH       →    Na2CO3   +   H2O

SO3 + 2KOH  →  K2SO4    +   H2O

NOTE: SiO2 is insoluble in water

Basic oxides: They are metallic oxides that are basic in nature because they react with acids to form salt and water only.  Examples are K2O, MgO, CaO, Li2O etc. Soluble basic oxides are called alkali. E.g.

Na2O(g)  +   H2O(l) →  2NaOH(aq)

Na2O(s) + 2HCl(aq)  →  2NaCl(aq)   +  H2O(l)

Amphoteric oxides: These are oxides that behave both like acidic and basic oxides. They react with both acid and base E.g. ZnO, Al2O3, PbO etc

ZnO(s) + H2SO4(aq) → ZnSO4    +   H2O(l)

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