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TOPIC: Special menu for vegetarians
Sub Topic: Meaning of vegetarian types/reasons and factors to consider when preparing a vegetarians food
MEANING OF VEGETARIANS:
Vegetarians are people who obtain their protein from vegetables, fruits, or animal products. OR
Vegetarians: These are people who do not eat animal flesh or fish. They do not eat meat, fish, poultry, shell fish. They may also abstain from by-products of animals such as milk, milk produced and eggs. They depend mainly on fruits, vegetables, cereals, grains, nuts and eat eggs but do not take dairy products.
TYPES OF VEGETARIANS.
- Lacto-vegetarians: They include dairy products in their diets but do not eat eggs.
- Lacto-ovo-vegetarians: They include both eggs and dairy products in their diet.
- Vegans or strict vegetarians: These exclude all animal products such as eggs, dairy products and honey from their diet.
REASONS FOR VEGETARIANISM.
- Cultural reasons
- Religious reasons.
- Moral reasons.
- Physiological reasons.
Factors to consider when preparing and serving food for vegetarians
- Season food with garlic, onions, curry, thyme, etc. to make food appetizing.
- Make sure that food is balance and every food group represented.
- Garnish with sliced tomatoes, onions, cucumber and egg where necessary.
- Make sure you include nuts, seeds, and pulses
Vegetarian diets: It is easy to plan diets for ovo and lacto-ovo vegetarians because of inclusion of eggs, milks and milk products. It is not easy to plan a balanced diet for a vegan or strict vegetarian because they depend mainly on plant food. Their diet may lack some of the essential amino acids and vitamin. However, through careful planning and judicious combination of different plant foods, a fairly balanced diet can be prepared. Example a combination of cereals, legumes and leafy vegetables will produce a balanced diet. Vegetarians should also consume adequate fresh fruits.
For lacto-ovo vegetarian diets, protein can be supplied by
Pulses: e.g. peas, beans, soya beans, etc
Cereals: e.g. rice, maize, millet, etc
Nuts: e.g. groundnuts, walnuts, chestnuts
Fats can be supplied by legumes or pulses, fresh fruits and vegetables .e.g. cabbage spinach, waterleaf, okra.
Carbohydrate can be supplied by
Tuber: e.g. yams, cocoyam, potatoes etc
Cereal: e.g. rice, maize, sorghum, millet
Suggested menu for different types of vegetarians
Rice and Egg stew Green beans,
Fruit salad and custard sauce
For Lacto-ovo vegetarians
Boiled yam or plantain, Vegetable stew, bread fruit,
Strict vegetarians
Fried plantain, Beans, Vegetable stew, moi-moi,.
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