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WEEK: 4
Topic: Basic food nutrients.
Content:
- Foods in the locality
- Various food nutrients-carbohydrates, proteins, fats and oils (lipids), Vitamins, minerals and water.
Sub-Topic 1: Food in the locality.
The foods we eat provide nourishing elements known as nutrients. They are the chemical substances present in food. Each of the food nutrients contribute immensely to our health. It is therefore necessary that we know their types, functions, sources and any negative effects they have on human body.
Food is any substances, solid or liquid, which when taken provides the body with materials for growth and repair; heat and energy; as well as regulation of body functions to bring about good health.
Food is very important in the day-to –day life of man.
It is the hub of good health and since health is wealth which everyone desires, it is only apparent that health is adequately maintained.
Types of foods and their locations
Different foods can grow better in certain climatic soil in different environment. For example, cereals like rice, sorghum etc, grow best in the savannah and middle belt. Cereals also grow in dry areas where irrigation is possible.
The condition that favours the growth of tubers. E.g. yams, potatoes and cocoa yams, etc. are wide spread. As a result, they grow well in both the savannah and the forest regions. Rice can grow both in swampy areas and dry savannah.
Tree crops like palm tree and coconut. Fruits like orange, mango, banana, cashew; vegetables like tomatoes, cabbage, lettuce and other leafy vegetables are all found in the forest region. However with irrigation, they are well grown in the savannah and drier regions. Carrot and onions are available in the dry region or the savannah.
Livestock is widely spread; however, cattle, sheep, and goat are found more in the savannah region where there is abundant grass.
Poultry is very common because poultry farming can be practiced anywhere. Poultry produces meat and eggs for the family.
Fish do well in the riverine area and the coastal regions, e.g. in the Niger delta areas of Nigeria and banks of river Niger etc.
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