JSS3 First Term Basic Science Lesson Note – Family Traits (Genetics)

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WEEK ONE

TOPIC: FAMILY TRAITS (GENETICS)

CONTENT: 1. Family Traits (Skin Colour, Height, Albinism, etc.)

1. Meaning of Dominant and Recessive Traits
2. Importance of Family Traits – Intelligence, Disease, Resemblance, Family Genealogy

Sub-Topic I: FAMILY TRAITS (SKIN COLOUR, HEIGHT, ALBINISM, ETC.)

Definition: Genetics is the scientific study of heredity and variation in living things. The transfer of materials which lead to heredity and variation occurs during reproduction in living things.

Heredity is a branch of genetics which studies how children or offspring take after their parents.

FAMILY TRAITS can be defined as transmittable characteristics which are passed from parents to offspring or children or progeny from one generation to another through reproduction. You may have your hair color as your mother or your eye color as your father.

We all have inherited traits that we share in common with others. Families share many traits in common because parents pass down inherited traits to their children. Yet, every person has a combination of traits that is unique to them. However, the modern science of genetics which seeks to understand the process of inheritance only began with the work of Gregor Mendel in the mid-19th century. Although he did not know the physical basis for heredity, Mendel observed

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