JSS3 First Term Basic Science Lesson Note – Environmental Hazards: Soil Erosion

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 WEEK TWO

TOPIC: ENVIRONMENTAL HAZARDS

CONTENT:

1. Definition of Soil Erosion – Causes, Effects and Control of Soil Erosion
2. Definition of Flooding – Causes, Effects of Flooding on Communities and Farmlands, Control of Flooding and Drainage Patterns

 DEFINITION OF SOIL EROSION

Environmental hazard is a term used for any situation or state of events which poses a threat to the surrounding environment and adversely affect plants and animals

SOIL EROSION is the washing away of the soil by heavy rain or wind resulting to the formation of gully and landslides and leaving behind silt on which plants can no longer grow.

Soil erosion can also be defined as the removal of topsoil faster than the soil forming processes can replace it, due to natural, animal, and human activity (overgrazing, over cultivation, forest clearing, mechanized farming, etc.). Soil erosion results in land infertility, leads to desertification and devastating flooding.
CAUSES OF SOIL EROSION

1. Excessive Rain fall: Due to excessive rain fall, top fertile soil is washed away.
2. Human activities: Human activities accelerate disappearance of protective cover of natural vegetation and cause soil erosion.

Over grazing: Over grazing leads to the absence of ground-vegetation, causes gradual

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