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WEEK 4
TOPIC: ICT GADGETS
CONTENTS
- GSM (Global System for Mobile Communication)
- The differences between GSM, Fax machine and telephone
- Creating and sending messages using GSM and Fax
- Storing and retrieving information on a GSM
SUB-TOPIC 1: GSM (GLOBAL SYSTEM FOR MOBILE COMMUNICATION)
GSM (Global System for Mobile Communications, originally Groupe Spécial Mobile) is a standard developed by the European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI) to describe the protocols for second-generation digital cellular networks used by mobile devices and mobile telephones, first deployed in Finland in December 1991. As of 2014, it has become the global standard for mobile communications – with over 90% market share, operating in over 219 countries and territories.
2G networks developed as a replacement for first generation (1G) analog cellular networks, and the GSM standard originally described as a digital, circuit-switched network optimized for full duplex voice telephony. This expanded over time to include data communications, first by circuit-switched transport, then by packet data transport via GPRS (General Packet Radio Services) and EDGE (Enhanced Data rates for GSM Evolution, or EGPRS).
Subsequently, the 3GPP developed third-generation (3G) UMTS standards, followed by fourth-generation (4G) LTE Advanced standards, which do not form part of the ETSI GSM standard.
“GSM” is a trademark owned by the GSM Association. It may also refer to the (initially) most common voice codec used, Full Rate. The key advantage of GSM systems has been higher digital voice quality and low cost alternatives to making calls such as text messaging. Also, like other cellar standards, GSM allows network operators to offer roaming services which means subscribers can use their phones all over the world.
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