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WEEK: 3 (THREE)
TOPIC: AIR FLOW, PNEUMATIC AND HYDRAULIC DEVICES.
CONTENT
- Air flow
- Bernoulli’s principle
- Aerodynamics
- Definition of hydraulic and pneumatic devices.
- Examples of Hydraulic and Pneumatic devices.
- Components of the machines
- Working principle/operation of hydraulic and pneumatic device
- Uses of Hydraulic Devices
- Uses of Pneumatic Devices
- Advantages of Pneumatics Devices
- Advantages of hydraulic Devices
SUB-TOPIC ONE (1)
- Air flow
- Bernoulli’s principle
- Aerodynamics
(a) Air flow
This refers to air molecules in motion. Flow is an exclusive property of all fluids (liquids and gases). However unlike liquids, air does not necessarily need a channel or container for it to flow. Breeze/wind is formed when molecules of air are set in motion. Molecules of air can be set in motion by any of the following processes:
- Blowing air
- Using the bellows (often used by blacksmith)
- Using pumps
- Using fan
When liquids flow through channels, agents such as gravity or a mechanical device is necessary to sustain the flow. Liquid (water) flow could either be laminar (streamline) or turbulent.
In laminar flow, all the portions of the water move gently in a path parallel to the confining channel.
Turbulent flow is a force flow; water particles do not move in a straight line. An example of this is the water flow in drainage during a heavy downpour.
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