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TOPIC: COMPUTER PROBLEM-SOLVING SKILL
Meaning of computer program
A computer program is a set of instructions that directs a computer to perform tasks.
Programming Language
A programming language is a set of words, symbols and codes that enables a programmer to communicate instructions to a computer.
A programmer is someone who writes and modifies computer programs.
Programming is the act of writing instructions for computer to perform a specific task.
CATEGORIES OF PROGRAMMING LANGUAGES
There are a number of programming languages existing today. Each language has its own rule for writing the instructions. Programming languages are designed for specific purposes, such as scientific applications, business solutions or web page development.
Programmers must decide which programming languages and tools to use when they write programs.
TYPES OF PROGRAMMING LANGUAGES
- Machine language
- Low level language
- High level language
Machine Language
A language in which the computer performs the instructions immediately without any further translation is called machine language. The machine language is the computer primary language. It is the only language that the computer understands and does not require interpretation. It is usually written in binary digits (0’s and 1’s). Machine language is referred to as the first generation programming language because it was the earliest computer programming language.
Low Level Language
a low-level programming language is a programming language that is almost similar to the computer language (machine language). Generally, this refers to either machine code or assembly language. The word “low” refers to the small or nonexistent amount of difference between the language and machine language; because of this, low-level languages are sometimes described as being “close to the hardware”. Programs written in low-level languages tend to be relatively non-portable, mainly because of the close relationship between the language and the machine language.
Low-level languages can convert to machine code without a compiler or interpreter. Second-generation programming languages use a simpler translator called an assembler— and the resulting code is understood and executed by the computer machine. A program written in a low level language runs very quickly. An equivalent program in a high-level language can be less efficient and use more memory. Low-level languages are simple, but considered difficult to use, due to numerous technical details that the programmer must remember.
Low-level programming languages are sometimes divided into two categories: first generation and second generation.
High level language
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