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TOPIC: Properties of Materials
SUB-TOPICS:
(i) Properties of Materials and Identification of wood, timber, the structure of wood
(ii) Classification of hardwood and softwood.
Content Development (NOTES FOR FIRST LESSON/PERIOD ONE)
Introduction
Materials are substances from which other things can be made. Basically, they can be classified into two: metallic and non-metallic. Furthermore, metallic ones can be subdivided into ferrous and non-ferrous metals, while non-metallic ones can be divided into natural and synthetic materials.
| Materials |
| Metallic |
| Non-Metallic |
| Ferrous |
| Natural |
| Synthetic |
| Non-ferrous |
WOOD
One of the materials that are supplied by nature is wood. Wood is commonly used in some engineering manufacture because it is light, strong and can be worked upon easily.
Wood is a material obtained from trees. It is made up of cellulose and lignin each consisting of 60% and 28% respectively.
Identification of wood
Generally, wood has a very good combination of colours to give it high decorative value. This makes it possible to identify some woods by their colour. Examples are:
| S/n | Trees | Colour identification |
| 1 | Iroko | Yellowish brown |
| 2 | Mahogany | Reddish brown |
| 3 | Afara | Pale-colour |
| 4 | Teak | Red-brown |
| 5 | Yew | Dark- green |
| 6 | Cotton- wood | Greyish white to light greyish brown |
| 7 | Hickory | Reddish brown |
Classification and properties of wood.
There are two types of wood trees:
- Hardwood (deciduous) Trees.
- Softwood (coniferous) Trees.
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