SS3 First Term Physics Lesson Note – Electric Field

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WEEK 3

Electric Field

CONTENTS

1. • Electric Field
   • Coulomb’s Law
   • Electric Field Intensity
   • Electric Potential

ELECTRIC FIELD

An electric field is a region of space which surrounds a system of electric charges. Electrical forces will act on any electric charge which is placed within the region.  Electric field is a vector quantity.  The direction of the filed can be determined using a test charge (a small positive charge)

Fundamental Law of Electrostatics

The fundamental law of electrostatic states that: “Like charge repels, unlike charges attract.

COULOMB’S LAW

Coulomb’s law states that the force between two-point charges is proportional to the product of their charges and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them.

Mathematically,

F α q₁q₂/r²

F =k q₁q₂/r²

Where k =1/4πɛ_◦  = 8.99×10⁹

Thus,

F = q₁q₂/4πɛ_◦r²

ELECTRIC FIELD INTENSITY OR STRENGTH (E)

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