SS3 First Term Geography Lesson Note – Denudational Processes

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WEEK: 9 

TOPIC: DENUDATIONAL PROCESSES

CONTENT:

1. MEANING OF DENUDATIONAL PROCESSES
2. TYPES OF DENUDATIONAL PROCESSES
3. FACTORS AFFECTING DENUDATION

SUB-TOPIC 1: MEANING OF DENUDATION

Denudation is the process of lowering and leveling of the earth surface by gradual break down and wearing away of such earth’s surfaces.

The agents or forces which promote these breaking and lowering of the earth’s surface are called agents of denudation. Examples are wind, running water, ice and waves.

Denudation involves four sequences or stages, which includes: weathering, erosion, transportation and deposition.  

Weathering: This is the gradual disintegration of rocks by physical, chemical and biological processes.

Erosion: This is the active wearing away of the earth’s surface by the agents of denudation

Transportation: This is the active removal of eroded materials to new position or areas.

Deposition: This is the dumping of the debris in certain parts of the earth where it accumulates to form soil.

EVALUATION

1. What is denudation
2. Outline the agents of denudation
3. Account for the stages of denudation in sequential order.

SUB-TOPIC 2: TYPES OF DENUDATIONAL PROCESSES

These include: weathering and mass movement

WEATHERING: Weathering is defined as the gradual breaking down or disintegration of rocks by physical, chemical or biological processes.

FACTORS AFFECTING WEATHERING

1. Climate: climatic elements like temperature and rainfall are the major factors affecting weathering, for instance, physical weathering depend on changes in the temperature. On the other hand chemical weathering depends on the action of heat and water combined with atmospheric gases. Chemical weathering is common in hot and wet climate while mechanical weathering is common in arid and cool temperate climates.
2. Types of rocks: Rocks are made up of different minerals. While some are resistant to weathering, others are not simple because of their differences in structure, texture, composition and size of the rocks.

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