SS2 Third Term Geography Lesson Note – Settlements

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WEEK 4                                                                  

TOPIC: SETTLEMENTS

CONTENT

1. Meaning of Settlement.
2. Types and characteristics of settlements.
3. Factors of settlement location.

SUB-TOPIC 1: MEANING OF SETTLEMENT

Settlement refers to a building or a group of buildings inhabited (occupied) by people for purposes of engaging in social, economic, political and cultural activities.

TYPES OF SETTLEMENT:

There are 2 types of settlement namely- rural and urban settlement.

RURAL SETTLEMENT: A rural settlement is a place with population of less than 10,000 people most of who engage in primary activities such as agriculture or mining. There are 4 major types of rural settlements which are:

1. Homestead: this is an isolated, one family and one compound settlement.
2. Farm Stead: this consist of two or more homestead settlement, usually dispersed with less than 50 persons.
3. Hamlet: This a nucleated or linear homestead with engagement in agricultural activities.it may have a school and shops
4. Village it is made up of several hamlet with population up to a thousand persons. The people, engage in primary activities and craft industries.it may have school shops and health centres
5. Function of rural settlement: The rural Settlement serves Agricultural Religious, Fishing, Lumbering and small-scale shopping functions.

URBAN SETTLEMENT: urban settlement refers to places with population of over 10,000 people. These people may be mostly engaged in secondary and tertiary activities such as manufacturing, trading commerce administration etc.

CHARACTERISTIS OF URBAN SETTLEMENTS

There are different types of urban settlements. These are (i) Town, city (ii) Agglomeration                                   (iii) Conurbation (iv) Megalopolis

• Town: towns have populations of over 10,000 people and perform services such as being independent local government. E.g. Kafanchan, Gboko, Okigwe, etc.
• City: This has a greater population and given more services than the town e.g. Ibadan, Lagos and Kano.
• Agglomeration: This is a group of settlements resulting from the linking together of small villages or urban areas in a rapidly expanding urban centre. The smaller settlements around the major urban centre are usually referred to as Dormitory settlements e.g. Festac town in Lagos.

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