SS2 Second Term Physics Lesson Note – Simple Machines

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WEEK 4:

TOPIC: SIMPLE MACHINES (CONTD)

CONTENT:     

• Lever and pulley
• Inclined plane and Hydraulic press
• Wheel and Axle, Gear

SUB-TOPIC 1: Lever and pulley

LEVER: In a lever the relative positions of force(F), Effort(e) and Load(L) may vary and this leads to different types of lever. The lever operates on the principle of moment.

FIRST ORDER LEVER: In first order lever, the fulcrum is between the load and the effort e.g crowbar, claw hammer, pliers, scissors, see-saw e.t.c

taking moment about F gives;

clockwise moment =   anticlockwise moment

Y   x  L = X  x  E

L/E=X/Y=M.A=V.R

SECOND ORDER LEVER: In second order lever, the load is between the effort and the fulcrum. E.g wheelbarrow, bottle opener, nut cracker

THIRD ORDER LEVER: In third order lever,  the effort is between the load and fulcrum. E.g Forearm of a human being, tongs e.t.c

PULLEYS:

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