SS2 Second Term Geography Lesson Note – Environmental Problems or Hazards

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WEEK 3 & 4                                                                              

TOPIC:          ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS OR HAZARDS

CONTENT:

• Meaning and types of environmental problems/hazards
• Causes of environmental problems
• Effects of environmental problems on human activities
• Solution to environmental problem

SUB-TOPIC 1: MEANING AND TYPES OF ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS OR HAZARDS

Meaning of environmental problems/hazards

Environmental problems/hazards can be referred to as any natural or human-induced event which poses a serious danger or risk to the lives and properties of people in their environment. In other words, they are disasters caused by nature or man which pose a serious danger or risk to the lives and properties of people in their environment.

Types of Environmental Problems/Hazards

1. Drought
2. Desert encroachment
3. Pollution
4. Deforestation
5. Soil erosion
6. Coastal erosion
7. Flooding
8. Tornadoes
9. Hurricanes
10. Blizzards
11. Mining
12. Hail
13. Mass wasting
14. Volcanic eruptions
15. Earthquakes

NB: We are going to discuss one of these environmental problems while others list below should be discussed by the educator (Drought, Desert encroachment, Pollution, Deforestation and Flooding).

SOIL EROSION

Definition: Soil erosion may be defined as a process whereby the top soil is gradually removed, that is transported away by erosional agents; such as wind, water and ice. In other words, it can be defined as the gradual removal of the top layer of the soil through the action of wind, ice and water.

Causes of soil erosion

1. Deforestation: This is the removal of vegetation thereby allowing erosion to take place.
2. Bush burning: It also exposes the soil to erosion.

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