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SS2 Second Term Computer Studies Lesson Note – Concept of Computer Files

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WEEK 2

TOPIC: CONCEPT OF COMPUTER FILES

CONTENT:

Definition of Terms
Types of data item
File structure organization
Types of file organization

Sub-Topic 1: DEFINITION OF TERMS

Computer Files
Record
Field
Data item

COMPUTER FILES: This is an entity of data available to system users that is capable of being manipulated as an entry. Computer files are the most basic unit of data that users can store on a disk. Every program, image, video, song, and document is stored as a file.

RECORD: A Record is a collection of related data items or fields. Each record usually corresponds to a specific unit of information, e.g Employee number, Employee name, Basic salary, etc. The elements of records are usually called fields or members.

FIELD: This is portion where data items are physically arranged in a computer file. It is commonly used to refer to a column in a database or a field in a data entry form. It is a space allocated for a particular item of information. The length of a field may be fixed or variable.

DATA ITEM: Data item is the smallest unit of information stored in computer files. In computing, data is information that has been translated into a form that is more convenient to move or process. Data can exist in a variety of forms – as numbers or text on pieces of paper, as bits and bytes stored in electronic memory, or as facts stored in a person’s mind.

There are four types of data items, which are;