SS2 First Term Physics Lesson Note – Equilibrium of Forces

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WEEK SIX

TOPIC: EQUILIBRIUM OF FORCES

CONTENT

• Resultant of force
• Equilibrant force
• Equilibrium, types of equilibrium
• Moment of force
• couple
• Conditions for equilibrium for system of parallel forces
• Centre of gravity (types of equilibrium)
• Centre of mass

PERIOD ONE

Resultant force

This can be defining a single force which can produce the same effect as the combined force on a system.  The addition of two or more force produces the resultant force. The resultant of any system of force can be obtained through any of the process described earlier.

Equilibrant force

This is that force which when added to a system of vectors will make the resultant of the system zero.  Equilibrant has the same magnitude as the resultant force but it always acts in a direction opposite to that of the resultant.

For a system in equilibrium, the resultant force is ZERO.

Types of equilibrium

1. Stable equilibrium; a body is in stable equilibrium if it velocity and it resultant force is zero. ( v = 0 and R = 0)
2. Dynamic equilibrium: a body is said to dynamic equilibrium if its velocity is constant or it is rotating with a constant angular velocity. For bodies in dynamic equilibrium, velocity is not zero but the resultant force on it is zero

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