SS2 First Term Biology Lesson Note – Transport System 1

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WEEK 4

SUBJECT: BIOLOGY

CLASS: SS2                                                                                                    

TOPIC: TRANSPORT SYSTEM 1

CONTENT: (a) Media of transportation (i) Fluid as medium of transportation-structure and function of blood (ii) Cytoplasm in small organisms (iii) Cell sap or latex in most plants (iv) Closed and open circulation (h) Mechanism of transportation: (i) Unicellular organisms (ii) Multicellular organisms (iv)Higher animals (v) Higher plants (i) Absorption of water and mineral salt.

TRANSPORT SYSTEM

Transport system is the movement of metabolic substances from various parts of the organism where they are produced or obtained to the parts where they are either used, stored or removed from the body.

NEED FOR TRANSPORTATION

1. It aids in the removal of metabolic waste e.g carbon dioxide, water and urea
2. It helps to move hormones in plants and animals from where they are produced to areas of need.
3. It helps transport essential materials in organisms for metabolic process e.g nutrients, oxygen and water.
4. In plants, transport is necessary to move mineral salt and water from the root to the stems and leaves.

MATERIALS THAT ARE TRANSPORTED IN ANIMALS

The materials transported in animals include:

1. Water
2. Digested foods (vitamins, amino acids, mineral salts, fatty acids ,glycerol)
3. Gases (oxygen, carbon-dioxide)
4. Excretory products (urea, carbon-dioxide, excess salt)
5. Hormones (adrenalin, insulin, oestrogen etc) and other materials.
6. Antibodies

MATERIALS THAT ARE TRANSPORTED IN PLANTS

These include:

1. Water
2. Manufactured food
3. Excretory products
4. Hormones
5. Mineral salts
6. Oxygen

MEDIA OF TRANSPORTATION

In all organisms, a liquid or fluid is the medium of transportation of materials. It includes blood, lymph and tissue fluid in most animals; latex or cell sap in many plants and cytoplasmic fluid in small organisms such as protozoan, protists and coelenterates.

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