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TOPIC: STOICHIOMETRY
PERIOD 1: S.I. UNIT OF QUANTITIES: LENGTH, MASS VOLUME ETC
S.I. UNITS OF QUANTITIES.
S.I. unit means international system [used to describe units of measurements from French ‘system international’] S.I. units
For example
QUANTITY | SYMBOL | UNITS |
Length | L | m, cm |
Mass | M | g or kg |
Molar mass | M | gmol-1 |
Volume | V | cm3, dm3 |
Amount | N | mol |
Molar concentration | L | mol.dm-3 |
Mass concentration | P | gdm-3 |
Avogadro’s law | L | mol-1 |
Avogadro’s number | N | —— |
N.B molar mass | M | g.mol-1 |
Relationship between quantities
(a) M = i.e molar mass =
Molar volume =
(b) Molar volume = =
(c) Avogadro’s constant = L = ==
TYPES OF MASS AND VOLUME PROBLEMS
There are two types of mass and volume relationship problems namely:
In this type of problem, the reacting mass of substance and its molar mass is usually given and we may be required to determine the mass of another substance produced and its molar mass also given. The reversed form of this is when the mass of another substance product produced is given and one is asked to find the mass of the substance which produced it.
In this case, you may be given a certain reacting mass of a reactant and required to find the volume of another substance produced at S.T.P. or under any other conditions. The reverse of this type is when you are given the volume of a certain gas liberated at S.T.P or other conditions and the gas produced.
Note: This method is related to simple proportion as in mathematics.
In this class of reactions, only the volumes of the reactants and products are involved in the calculations.
In this type, the mass I given and the volume of liquid has to be determined.
In this group of calculations, one volume is given while another is to be found.
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