SS1 Third Term Government Lesson Note – Centralization and Decentralization

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WEEK 5

TOPIC: CENTRALIZATION AND DECENTRALIZATION

CONTENT:  

1. Centralization
2. Decentralization
3. Forms of centralization
4. Devolution
5. De-concentration
6. Advantages and disadvantages of Centralization
7. Advantages and disadvantages of decentralization-

Sub-Topic: CENTRALIZATION AND DECENTRALIZATION

The term centralization refers to a system of administration in which power is derived from and concentrated in one single authority. In other words, there is absence of sharing of power between the Centre and the subordinate tiers of government. A unitary system of government is a centralized system.

Advantages of Centralization

1. Decision making powers: It makes it possible for quick and effective decision to be taking by government. This is because they can easily debate and adopt their policies.
2. Lower cost: The financial implication of running a centralized government is reduced when compared with a decentralized one. It takes cares of duplication of authority, offices and personnel.
3. It enhances national unity: Centralization promotes unity in a given sate. Divisions, diversities, unhealthy rivalry, etc. are discouraged by centralization.
4. Absence of dual loyalty: Citizens display full loyalty to the central authority only. In other words, their loyalty is not divided on basis of state, regional or other unit of government.
5. Flexible constitution
6. Makes for a strong government
7. There are less conflicts of authority
8. Less bureaucratic
9. Unity

Disadvantages of centralization

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