Categories: Lesson Notes

SS1 Third Term Chemistry Lesson Note – Acids; Bases and Salts II

The content is just an excerpt from the complete note for SS1 Third Term Chemistry Lesson Note – Acids; Bases and Salts II. Check below to download the complete DOCUMENT

WEEK 3

TOPIC: ACIDS, BASES AND SALTS

CONTENTS:    

BASES

  • Definition, Characteristics and Preparation of bases
  • Reactions and Uses of bases
  • Relative acidity and alkalinity (the pH scale)

PERIOD 1:    BASES

DEFINITION OF BASES

A base is a substance which will neutralize an acid to yield salt and water only. It is either an oxide or hydroxide of a metal, e.g sodium oxide, magnesium hydroxide, etc, while; an alkaline is a basic hydroxide which is soluble in water. Bases that are soluble in water are referred to as alkalis. Examples are sodium hydroxide (NaOH), potassium hydroxide (KOH), calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2)

Oxides of heavy metals like PbO, ZnO and CuO are insoluble in water and are therefore bases not alkalis. CaO and MgO are slightly soluble and are alkalis. Like acids, alkalis may be strong or weak.

STRENGTH OF AN ALKALIS:

The strength of an alkali is the degree of its ionization in water. Strong alkalis are completely ionized in water. Examples of strong alkalis are potassium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide, strontium hydroxide etc. Weak alkalis are partially ionized in water. example of a weak alkali is aqueous ammonia.

CHARACTERISTICS OF BASES

  1. Bases are soapy to touch, e.g. NaOH
  2. They have bitter taste, e.g. lime water
  3. They turn red litmus blue
  4. Concentrated form of the caustic alkalis, NaOH and KOH are corrosive
  5. They are electrolytes

PREPARATION OF BASES

  • Combustion of a reactive metal in air. When electropositive metals are heated in oxygen, they form metallic oxides.

To gain full access to the note: DOWNLOAD FILE

Sunday

Share
Published by
Sunday

Recent Posts

List of Universities Offering Veterinary Medicine in Nigeria

Veterinary medicine is the branch of medicine that deals with the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment…

3 months ago

List of Universities Offering Anthropology in Nigeria

Anthropology is the scientific study of human beings and their cultures. It encompasses a wide…

3 months ago

List of Universities Offering Sociology in Nigeria

Sociology is the scientific study of human society, culture, and behavior. It examines the social…

3 months ago

List of Universities Offering Social Work in Nigeria

Social Work is a profession dedicated to helping individuals, families, and communities to cope with…

3 months ago

List of Universities Offering Religious Studies in Nigeria

Religious studies is an academic discipline that explores the beliefs, practices, and history of various…

3 months ago

List of Universities Offering Public Administration in Nigeria

Public administration is the field of study and practice that focuses on the organization and…

3 months ago