SS1 Second Term Geography Lesson Note – Weather

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WEEK 5                                                                

TOPIC: WEATHER

CONTENT:

• Meaning and Elements of Weather.
• Importance of weather

Sub-Topic 1: MEANING AND ELEMENTS OF WEATHER

Meaning of Weather

Weather is the atmospheric condition of a place for a short period of time. You often hear people say; it looks like it is going to be a sunny day. The atmosphere is dark, so there may be rainfall. There is a strong wind blowing. All these are describing the immediate weather conditions at those periods of time.

Elements of Weather

TEMPERATURE: This describes the degree of hotness and coldness of a place as measured by the thermometer. Temperature may be expressed either numerically or graphically. The instrument for measuring temperature is the thermometer, which is a narrow glass tube filled with mercury or alcohol. It works on the principle that mercury expands when heated and contracts when cooled. On thermometer, temperatures are marked in one or two ways. For most scientific purposes the centigrade (°C) scale is preferred. Its freezing-point is 0°C and its boiling-point is 100°C. In Fahrenheit (°F) scale the freezing-point is 32°F and the boiling-point is 212°F.

For rapid conversion of one scale into another, the following formulae may be used.

To convert Fahrenheit to Centigrade:

= (°F – 32) ÷ 1.8

E.g. to convert 50°F into centigrade:

= (50° – 32°) ÷ 1.8

= (18 ÷ 1.8) °C

= 10°C

To convert Centigrade to Fahrenheit:

= (1.8 × °C) + 32°F

E.g. to convert 20°C into Fahrenheit:

= (1.8 × 20°C) + 32°F

= 36° + 32°

= 68°F

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