SS1 Second Term Geography Lesson Note – Environment

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WEEK 4                                                                                      

TOPIC: ENVIRONMENT

CONTENT: 

1. Meaning and Types of Environment.
2. Domains or Spheres of Environment.
3. Importance of the Environment.

Sub-Topic 1: MEANING AND TYPES OF ENVIRONMENT

Meaning of Environment

Environment can be defined as the total surrounding of any organism in a given area. This includes the physical factors, the climatic factors and other living organisms in that surrounding.

Types of Environment

There are three types of Environment, which include

1. The Physical environment
2. The social environment
3. Cultural environment

PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT: This can be defined as all the natural physical constituents that can be felt, seen and handled. This includes, the relief, water bodies, climate and vegetation.

SOCIAL ENVIRONMENT: Social environment can be defined as man’s interaction with his physical and cultural environment; that is man’s interaction with both natural and man-made environment as well as his interaction with his fellow man.

CULTURAL ENVIRONMENT: Cultural environment can be defined as the man made environment; in other words it is the environment made by man for his comfort. The cultural environment of man varies from place to place, depending on the environmental condition of that particular place.

SUB-TOPIC 2: Domains or Spheres of Environment

The domains or sphere of the environment can be divided into four; they include: The Atmosphere, The Hydrosphere, The Biosphere and The Lithosphere.

ATMOSPHERE: This is the gaseous portion of the environment where gases like oxygen, nitrogen, carbon-dioxide, argon are found. The lowest layer of the atmosphere is called the troposphere. The most variable components of the troposphere apart from gases, is water vapour which is closer to the ground. The quantity of dust particles in the troposphere varies more than that of water vapour. The troposphere is of great importance because it is the layer where most of the world’s weather takes place and where biotic activities are most paramount. Another layer of importance in the atmosphere is the stratosphere, just immediately after the troposphere and is separated from it by the tropopause. The stratosphere is important because it is the layer of the atmosphere with a high concentration of ozone gas which is commonly known as the Ozone Layer. The Ozone gas or Ozone Layer, absorbs the ultraviolent radiation, this ultraviolent radiation if allow to reach the earth surface will pose a lot of danger to both man and every other living organism in the environment.

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