SS1 Second Term Economics Lesson Note – Population II

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WEEK 5

TOPIC: POPULATION

Content

1. Geographical, age, sex and occupational distribution of Population
2. Importance and Problems of Census
3. Rural-Urban Migration

Sub-Topic 1: Distribution or Structure of Population

Population is distributed or structured into four:  Geographical Distribution, Age Distribution, Sex distribution and Occupational Distribution.

Geographical Distribution:

This is the breakdown of the population of a country into different geographical zones.  It shows the number of people that are living in the various parts of the country.

Factors Affecting Geographical Distribution of Population

1. Concentration of Industries: People generally tend to move towards areas where industries, factories, or offices are situated. This is in hope of seeking employment in such places.
2. Commercial Centres: Commercial activities going on in certain areas encourage population growth there. This is one reason why urban areas like Lagos, Port-Harcourt, Onitsha, Aba, etc are heavily populated.
3. Topography and Fertility of Soil: Since farming is a major occupation of people of West Africa, farmers tend to settle in areas with good topography and where the soil is fertile for agricultural purposes.
4. Climatic and weather condition: Some areas with friendly climate tend to be densely populated than areas with harsh climate.

2. Age Distribution

This refers to how the total population is spread among the various age groups. We shall group the ages into three:

0-17 years         –           Dependent Population

18-60 years       –           Working Population or Labour force

60 and above     –           Dependent Population

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