SS1 Second Term Economics Lesson Note – Agriculture

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WEEK 9

SUBJECT: ECONOMICS

CLASS: SS1

TOPIC: AGRICULTURE

CONTENT:    

1. Definition – Meaning of Agriculture
2. Components of agriculture
3. Systems of Agriculture (cultivation methods)
4. Importance of agriculture to the Nigerian economy

Sub-Topic 1: Definition of Agriculture

Agriculture may be defined as the cultivation, growing and harvesting of crops and the rearing of animals purposely for food production and use of man. This use we are talking about may be in the form of shelter, food, and clothing or even raw materials for industry. In other words, Agriculture is an art involving the production of plants and animals of the use of man. It is also the disposal of crops and animals including their by-products through marketing.

Sub-Topic 2: Components of agriculture

• Crop production: components production involves cultivation, planting and growing of food and cash crops. When we talk of crop production, it can on small- or large-scale basis, for consumption and for commercial purposes.

Crop production is divided into two (1) cash crops (2) food crops

Cash crops

These types of crops are produced mainly as raw materials for industries local and for export. Examples of cash crops includes cocoa, rubber, groundnut, palm kernels, cotton etc. Initially most of these crops were for export, but nowadays they are used as raw materials by local industries.

Food crops

These food crops are produced mainly for consumption and they include yam, cassava; cocoyam, maize, rice, vegetables, potatoes etc.

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