SS1 Second Term Chemistry Lesson Note – Gaseous State and Gas Laws

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WEEK 3

TOPIC: GASEOUS STATE AND GAS LAWS

CONTENTS:

• Boyle’s law
• Charles’ law
• General gas law
• Ideal gas law

PERIOD 1:  BOYLE’S LAW

The relationship between volume and pressure of a gas was first started by Robert Boyle in 1662.

Boyle’s law states that the volume of a given mass of gas is inversely proportional to its pressure, provided that the temperature remains constant.

According to Boyle’s law, volume of a gas increases as the pressure decreases and vice versa.

This relationship is independent of the nature of the gas and it can be expressed mathematically as:

V α 1/p

V =k/p

Or PV =k

Where V= volume at pressure P

K = a mathematical constant

For a given mass of a gas, the product of its pressure and its volume is always a constant. If the pressure of a given mass of gas increases, its volume will decrease by a similar proportion and vice versa, as long as the temperature remain constant. This relationship can also be expressed mathematically as:

P₁V₁ = P₂ V₂

Where V₁ = volume at pressure P₁

V₂= Volume at pressure P₂

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