SS1 First Term Geography Lesson Note – Latitudes and Longitudes

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WEEK 5 &6

SUBJECT: GEOGRAPHY

CLASS: SS 1           

TOPIC: Latitudes and Longitudes

CONTENT:

1. Meaning and uses of Latitude.
2. Equator
3. Relationship with Major regions of the world (Tropics of Cancer and Capricorn, Arctic and Antarctic Circles)
4. Latitude and distance.
5. Meaning and uses of Longitude
6. Great circle
7. Longitude and time.
8. Local Time, Standard Time and Time Zones.
9. International Date Line.
10. Difference and Similarities between longitude and latitude.

SUB-TOPIC 1: Meaning and Uses of Latitude

Meaning of Latitude.

Latitude is an imaginary line drawn on the globe running from west to east. It is the angular distance of a point on the earth’s surface, measured in degrees from the centre of the earth. The earth is divided into equal halves – the northern and southern hemisphere by latitude (O⁰) called the equator. Other lines of latitude are parallel to the equator and to each other, hence, the latitude are also called parallels of latitude.

Lines of Latitude run from west to east

The major lines of latitude are:

1. The Equator (0°)
2. The Tropic of Cancer 23 ½ °N
3. The Tropic of Capricorn 23 ½ °S
4. The Arctic Circle 66 ½ °N
5. The Antarctic Circle 66 ½ °S

These are diagrammatically showing below

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