SS1 First Term Geography Lesson Note – Earth Movements

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WEEK 4    

TOPIC: EARTH’S MOVEMENTS

CONTENT:

1. Meaning and effects of rotation of the earth.
2. Meaning and effects of revolution of the earth.
3. Differences between rotation and revolution of the earth.

EARTH’S MOVEMENT

The earth moves in space in two different ways. They are (a) Rotation (b) Revolution.

SUB-TOPIC 1: Meaning and effects of rotation of the earth       

Meaning of Rotation of the Earth

The earth rotates on its axis from west to east in every 24hours through 360⁰. This is why it is said that there are twenty four hours (24) in a day. It rotates through 15⁰ in 1hour or 1⁰ in 4 minutes. The rotating earth is inclined at an angle of 23½⁰ along it axis.

EFFECT OF ROTATION OF THE EARTH

1. DAY AND NIGHT: As the earth rotates from west to east only one part of the earth facing the sun experiences daylight while other part of the earth backing the sun’s ray will experience darkness (night).
2. DEFLECTION OF WIND AND OCEAN CURRENT: The rotation of the earth causes the deflection of winds and ocean current to the right in the northern hemisphere and to the left in the southern hemisphere. This principle was based on the fact that during the earth’s rotation, the equatorial region moves at a greater velocity or speed than any other higher latitudes because the equator is longer in circumference. The man who established this principle is called Ferrell and at times it is referred to as Ferrell’s law of deflection.
3. APPARENT SUNRISE AND SUNSET: During the earth’s rotation, the part of the earth that emerges from the darkness into the rays of the sun experience sunrise while the other part going away from the sun’s rays to darkness will experience sunset.
4. TIME DIFFERENCE FROM PLACE TO PLACE: There is a difference of one hour at every 15⁰ To the west an hour is lost and to the east an hour is gained.
5. DAILY RISING AND FALLING OF THE TIDES: The rotation of the earth causes the rising and falling in the level of water in the sea and oceans.
6. IT CAUSES DAWN AND TWILIGHT: Dawn is a brief period between the sunrise and complete daylight while twilight is the brief period between sunset and complete darkness.

EVALUATION:

1. Explain the rotation of the earth.
2. State five effects of rotation of the earth.

SUB-TOPIC 2: Meaning and effects of revolution of the earth

Meaning of Revolution of the Earth

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