SS1 First Term Data Processing Lesson Note – Data and Information

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WEEK  4

TOPIC:  Data and Information

CONTENT:

1. Definition of data
2. Meaning of Information

SUBTOPIC 1:

Definition of Data & Information

Data

Is a collection of facts, such as numbers, words, measurements, observations or even just descriptions of things.

Data is a collection of numbers represented as bytes that are in turn composed of bits (binary digits) that can have the value one or zero. Data is processed by the CPU, which uses logical operations to produce new data (output) from source data (input).

Information

In general, information is a raw data that has been verified to be accurate and timely.

Information is also raw data that is presented within a context that gives it meaning and relevance, and which leads to increase in understanding and decrease in uncertainty.

The words information and data are used interchangeably in many contexts. This may leads to their confusion. However, they are not synonyms.

Types of Data

The two types of data are:

1. Qualitative
2. Quantitative

Qualitative data is data that is not given numerically.  Qualitative data is a categorical measurement expressed not in terms of numbers, but rather by means of a natural language description

For example: favorite color = “blue”

height = “tall”

i hated the most = “loryel”

Quantitative data is numerical. Quantitative data is a numerical measurement expressed not by means of a natural language description

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