SS1 First Term Civic Education Lesson Note – Goals of Citizenship Education II

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WEEK 9

CLASS: SS 1

TOPIC: Goals of Citizenship Education

CONTENT:

• Types of laws and rights of individuals.
• Functions and structures of government

Sub-Topic 1: Types of laws and rights of individuals.

Law is a system of rules and guidelines which are enforced through social institutions to govern behaviour. Laws are made by governments. The law shapes politics, economics and society in countless ways and serves as a social mediator of relations between people. We have criminal law, which deals with misconduct, that is designated by the government in which the guilty party may be imprisoned or fined.

Civil law deals with disputes between individuals or organizations.

Under civil law the following specialization among others exists:

1. Contract law: Regulates everything from buying a bus ticket to trading on derivative markets.
2. Property law regulates the transfer and title of personal property and real property.
3. Trust law applies to assets held for investment and financial security.
4. Administrative law is used to review the decision of government agencies.
5. International law governs affairs between sovereign states in activities ranging from trade to military action.

Types or forms of law

1. Constitutional law: This refers to the laws or provisions contained in the constitution of a country.
2. Statute law: are those laws made by the legislative house or assembly. Also known as Acts of parliament.
3. Customary law: This refers to the laws that are derived or extracted from the customs and traditions of the people.

Bye-law: These are laws made by local authorities who are only valid, operational or binding on the people living within the confines of the local authority

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