SS1 First Term Biology Lesson Note – Tissues and Supporting Systems

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 WEEK 10

SUBJECT: BIOLOGY

CLASS: SS1                                                                                  DATE————————–

TOPIC: TISSUES AND SUPPORTING SYSTEMS

CONTENT:

(1)        Skeleton and supporting system in animals:

• Biological significance (importance)

(2)        Forms of skeletons     

(3)        Types of skeletons

(4)        Bones of the vertebral column

(5)        Joints

(6)        Functions of skeleton in animals

SUB-TOPIC 1: SKELETON AND SUPPORTING SYSTEM IN ANIMALS.

What would animals including you look like as well as incapable of doing without the support of bones and cartilage? Sitting, standing, crawling, walking, swimming, flying, and more, would be impossible.

Multicellular organisms have some form of rigid support system that give them shape that enable them to exhibit movement of various degrees as well as withstand forces of wind and water. The framework and the tissues that support it is known as tissue and supporting system.

Skeleton is the framework which gives support and shape to an animal. This supporting framework can be on the inside of the organism: in higher animals such as reptiles, birds and mammals, the organisms have a skeleton which form the central core of the body. It is covered by muscles, blood vessels, nerves and skin.

In man the various structures such as tendons, ligaments, interstitial tissues and bones make up the skeletal and supporting system in animals.

BIOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF SKELETON

Most living organisms whether they are plants or animals, possess a form of rigid frame work called skeleton. Skeleton consists of various tissue and supporting systems in both plants and animals. Skeleton is biologically significant in the life of living organisms. Without skeleton, soft tissues will not have adequate support, protection and shape. Their bodies will collapse and animals may not be able to move parts or all of their bodies. Body movement in a complex animal is brought about by muscles which work by pulling on some kind of support. This support is the rigid framework – skeleton- in animals to affect work and movement. Aquatic multicellular animals need a supporting system to succeed in their hunt for food. As a result, most complex animals have evolved supporting structures or skeletons which provide support against gravity, but the skeletons are flexible enough to allow movement.

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