Categories: Lesson Notes

SS1 Chemistry Lesson Note on Volumetric Analysis

The website has the complete lesson note for all the subjects in secondary school but this piece showcases the SS1 Chemistry Lesson Note on Volumetric Analysis. You can use the website search button to filter out the subject of interest to you.

CLICK HERE to download the complete Document: DOWNLOAD HERE

VOLUMETRIC ANALYSIS

INTRODUCTION

Volumetric analysis is an aspect of quantitative analysis which involves the measurement of the volume of reacting solutions in order to find the masses of substances dissolved in them.in other words, two solutions are given; one is a solution of an acid and other a solution of a base .one of them is a standard solution and you are required, by titration to standardize the other.

The other aspect of quantitative analysis is gravimetric analysis, which involves weighing and determining the masses of reactants and products of a chemical reaction.

The most popular aspect of Volumetric analysis is the acid – base (neutralization) reactions. The technique of determination is by titration. Other aspects are redox and precipitation reaction.

 APPARATUS USED IN VOLUMETRIC ANALYSIS ARE:

The burette, pipette, beaker, flasks, funnel, wash bottle, chemical balance, dropping pipette and retort stand.

Basic definitions in volumetric analysis

I.TITRATION: It is the technique for carrying out volumetric analysis.

II.CONCENTRATION: The concentration of a solution is the amount of solute in a given volume of the solution.

III.STANDARD SOLUTION: It is a solution containing a known amount of solute in a known volume of solution. An example of a standard solution is a molar solution.

IV.MOLAR SOLUTION: It is a solution which contains one mole of solute in 1dm3solution.

V.BUFFER SOLUTION: It is a solution which resists a change in pH or H+upon further addition of acid or alkali. Buffers   are usually made of solutions of a weak acid and its conjugate base or a weak base and its conjugate acid. The weak acid usually has a pH value lower than 7 and is therefore used to buffer systems in the basic region. Examples of buffers solution and their pH ranges over which they are effective are given below:

BUFFER SYSTEM PH RANGE
Ethanoic acid/Sodium ethanoate (CH3COOH/CH3COONA) 4.25-5.25
Trioxocarbonate(iv) (carbonic) acid/Sodium hydrogentrioxocarbonate 5.87-6.87
Ammonia/Ammonium chloride (NH3/NH4Cl) 8.75-9.75
Sodiumtrioxocarbonate / sodiumhydrogentrioxocabonate 9.75-10.75

MOLAR MASS: This is the mass of one mole of a substance expressed in grams. Its unit is gram per mole.

END POINT: This is the point at which the chemical reaction is complete during titration. The end point is detected with the help of an indicator.

INDICATORS: These are weak organic acids or bases whose colors change with pH of the solution. Indicators are widely used in monitoring titration involving colorless solutions of acids and bases.

DIFFERENT INDICATORS AND THEIR COLOURS IN DIFFERENT MEDIA

INDICATOR COLOUR IN ACIDIC MEDIUM COLOUR IN ALKALINE MEDIUM COLOUR AT END POINT
Methyl Orange Pinkish red yellow Orange
Phenolphthalein Colorless red colorless
Litmus Red blue Pink/purple
Methyl red Pink yellow orange
Screened methyl orange Purple(violet) green grey
Bromothymol blue Yellow blue green

Click on the Downloadable Button to get the FULL NOTE

Sunday

Share
Published by
Sunday
Tags: Lesson Note

Recent Posts

List of Universities Offering Veterinary Medicine in Nigeria

Veterinary medicine is the branch of medicine that deals with the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment…

3 months ago

List of Universities Offering Anthropology in Nigeria

Anthropology is the scientific study of human beings and their cultures. It encompasses a wide…

3 months ago

List of Universities Offering Sociology in Nigeria

Sociology is the scientific study of human society, culture, and behavior. It examines the social…

3 months ago

List of Universities Offering Social Work in Nigeria

Social Work is a profession dedicated to helping individuals, families, and communities to cope with…

3 months ago

List of Universities Offering Religious Studies in Nigeria

Religious studies is an academic discipline that explores the beliefs, practices, and history of various…

3 months ago

List of Universities Offering Public Administration in Nigeria

Public administration is the field of study and practice that focuses on the organization and…

3 months ago