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SALTS
PERIOD 1: SALTS
Definition of salts
A salt is formed when all or part of the ionizable hydrogen of an acid is replaced by metallic or ammonium ions. It consists of all aggregation of positively charged metallic ion and negatively charged acid ions.
Characteristics of salts
Drying agents or desiccants are substances that have strong tendency to absorb moisture or water. They are used to dry gases in the laboratory. A drying agent cannot be used if it reacts with the substance to be dried; that is why H2SO4 cannot be used to dry ammonia gas because they will react to form ammonium tetraoxosulphate (vi).
2NH3 + H2SO4 → (NH4)2SO4
EVALUATION:
State three properties of salts with two examples each.
PERIOD 2: PREPARATION OF SALTS
The method chosen to prepare a salt depends largely on (a) its solubility in water (b) its stability to heat.
Preparation of soluble salts
Zn + 2HCl → ZnCl2 + H2
KOH + HNO3 → KNO3 + H2O
Preparation of insoluble salts
Fe + S → FeS
2Fe + 3Cl2 → 2FeCl3
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