SS1 Chemistry Lesson Note on Particulate Nature of Matter

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Topic: PARTICULATE NATURE OF MATTER

CONTENTS:

(1) Physical and chemical changes

(2) Elements and their symbols.

(3) Atoms, molecules, atomicity

(4) Dalton’s atomic theory

PERIOD 1: PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL CHANGES

PHYSICAL CHANGES:

DEFINITION: A Physical change is one which is easily reversed and in which no new substances are formed.

Examples:

1. Melting of solids to liquids.
2. Freezing of liquids to solids.
3. Vaporization of liquids to gases.
4. Liquefaction of gases to liquids.
5. Sublimation of solids to vapour.

CHEMICAL CHANGE:

DEFINITION: A chemical change is one which is not easily reversed andin which a new substance is formed.

Examples:

1. Burning of substances.
2. Dissolution of metals and limestone in acids.
3. Chemical decomposition – like digestion of food.
4. Rusting of iron.
5. Charring of sugar.
6. Dissolution of metals in acids.

DIFFERENCES BETWEEN PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL CHANGE

PHYSICAL CHANGE	CHEMICAL CHANGE
Easily reversible	Not easily reversible
No new substance is formed	New substance is formed
No change is mass.	There is a noticeable change in mass.
Not accompanied by heat	usually accompanied by heat change.

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