SS1 Chemistry Lesson Note on Kinetic Theory of Gases

The website has the complete lesson note for all the subjects in secondary school but this piece showcases the SS1 Chemistry Lesson Note on Kinetic Theory of Gases. You can use the website search button to filter out the subject of interest to you.

CLICK HERE to download the complete Document: DOWNLOAD HERE

KINETIC THEORY OF GASES

EXPLANATION OF KINETIC THEORY

The kinetic theory of matter postulates that the tiny Particles of matter are continually moving and so possess kinetic energy. An increase in temperature causes an increase in the average kinetic energy of the particle.

Dalton’s experimental evidence shows that chemical compounds consists of molecules, which are groups of atoms of various elements. The gas laws which explained the physical behaviour of gases can be explained by kinetic theory of gases. This theory describes the behaviour of an ideal or perfect gas. This is to say that the kinetic theory of gases explains quantitatively the properties of gas molecules and in so doing put up the following assumptions.

1. A gas consists of very tiny particles (usually molecules and atoms).
2. The cohesive forces of the gas molecules are negligible.
3. These particles are in constant random and rapid motion in straight lines.
4. As a result of these movements, collisions occur between the molecules and also with the walls of the container, hence the molecules exert pressure. No energy is lost when collision occupy. This means that the collisions are perfectly elastic.
5. The space between the molecules is very large compared to the size of the molecules. The molecules therefore have negligible (almost zero) volume compared to the volume of the container.
6. The average kinetic energy per molecule is the same for all gas samples at any given temperature. The absolute temperature of the gas is a measure of the average kinetic energy of the gas particles.

PERIOD 3: THE APPLICATION OF KINETIC THEORY

The kinetic theory is useful in several respects and such aspects includes;

1. It provides reasonable explanations for the behaviour of gas.
2. It accounts for the gas laws
3. It explains important phenomenon such as diffusion
4. It provides a fundamental equation for gases.

PV =  NMC²

PERIOD 4: PHENOMENA TO ILLUSTRATE THE KINETIC THEORY OF MATTER

The following phenomena illustrate the kinetic theory of matter

1. Dispersion
2. Evaporation
3. Diffusion:
4. Brownian motion
5. Osmosis
6. Tyndall effect
7. Effusion

Click on the Downloadable Button to get the FULL NOTE