SS1 Chemistry Lesson Note on Gasification of Coke

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GASIFICATION OF COKE:

Gasification of gas is the conversion of coke to combustible gases by incomplete oxidation with steam and air at 1000^oC. Partial oxidation of coke with air and steam gives producer gas and water gas respectively.

 GASIFICATION OF COKE

Producer gas: This is a mixture of one-third of carbon(II)oxide and two-thirds nitrogen by volume. It is obtained by heating coke in a furnace in a limited. This is achieved by passing air through red hot coke. During the process, coke is oxidized to carbon (IV) oxide which is subsequently reduced by the hot coke to carbon (II) oxide, a combustible gas. The process can be represented by the following equations.

O₂   + 4N₂   +   2C            →       4N_2(s)   +   2CO_(s) +   heat

Uses of producer gas

1. Producer gas is used as fuel in furnaces, retorts and limekilns.
2. It is used as a source of nitrogen for the manufacture of ammonia.

Water gas

Water gas is produced by passing steam through hot coke at 1000^oC. This results in reduction of the steam; carbon (II) oxide and hydrogen are formed. Water gas is mixture containing hydrogen and carbon (II) oxide in equal volume.

C_(s)       +   H₂O_(l)      →       CO_(s)   +   H₂

Water gas has a high calorific value because both carbon (II) 0xide and hydrogen are combustible, whereas the calorific value of producer gas is low because nitrogen which is one of its constituents is not combustible

Uses

1. Water gas is used as a fuel.
2. It is used as a source of hydrogen and other organic compounds.

EVALUATION

1. Differentiate between water gas and producer gas.
2. What is gasification of coke?
3. Highlight 4 main products of destructive distillation of coal. State their uses.
4. Explain briefly, how destructive distillation of coal is obtained.

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