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TOPIC: REPRODUCTION IN UNICELLULAR ORGANISMS AND INVERTEBRATES
CONTENT:
SUB – TOPIC1: REPRODUCTION IN AMOEBA
Amoeba is a unicellular protozoa. Its mode of reproduction is asexual by fission and multiple fission.
Binary Fission
It occurs under normal condition in water when the organism grows to a particular size, the nucleus divides into two equal daughter nucleus divides nuclei and each of the daughter nuclei become enclosed by half of the protoplast leading to the production of two daughter cells. The cell division is simply mitotic.
Multiple fission
In some unicellular organisms such as Amoeba, the cells rounds up to a cyst-like structure. The protoplasm undergo fission as the nucleus of the parent divides into several daughter nuclei by amitosis (repeated divisions). This is followed by the enclosing one nucleus. Several cells are released from the cyst. The type of asexual reproduction occurs under adverse condition.
EVALUATION
SUB-TOPIC 2 : REPRODUCTION IN PARAMECIUM
Paramecium is a protozoa that is more developed than Amoeba. It reproduces both sexually and asexually. Asexual reproduction is by binary fission and sexual reproduction is by conjugation.
Binary fission in paramecium
At maturity the cell stops moving. The two nuclei (macro nucleus and micro nucleus divide mitotically to give four nuclei). This is followed by the movement of the daughter nuclei in opposite direction to the anterior and posterior ends respectively, of a now elongated cell. After this the cell divides transversely along the region of the oral groove and the daughter cells become separated under normal condition this occurs after 8 to 12 hours.
Sexual reproduction in Paramecium
Sexual reproduction by conjugation takes in Paramecium in the following steps:
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