SS1 Biology Lesson Note on Description and Function of Cell Components

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DESCRIPTION AND FUNCTION OF CELL COMPONENTS

Cell wall              

Description: Non-living, made of cellulose, permeable to water and substance

Functions:  Provides rigidity to the cell and gives it a definite shape.

Cell membrane

Description: Living and differentially permeable to water and substance.

Function: Allows selective movement of materials in and out of the cell.

Cytoplasm:

Description: Semi-fluid mass enclosed within the cell membrane and contain many organelles.

Functions: The largest and liquid part of the cell in which metabolic reactions occur.

Nucleus

Description: Enclosed by a nuclear membrane, and contains chromatin and nucleolus.

Functions: It stores and carries hereditary information from generation to generation. It also translates genetic information into the kind of protein characteristic of the cell. It controls the cell’s life processes

Vacuoles

Description: This is the fluid filled spaces in the cytoplasm.

Functions:  Help in maintaining turgidity in the plant cell.

Mitochondria

Description: It is a double membrane system, found in all cells. It contains the enzymes for cellular respiration.

Functions: it carries out metabolism for all life processes. Kreb’s cycle and electron transfer system take place in the mitochondria.

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