SS 2 Second Term Agricultural Science Lesson Note – Anatomy; Physiology and Reproduction of Farm Animals

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CLASS: SS 2

TOPIC:          Anatomy, Physiology and Reproduction of Farm Animals

CONTENT: 1. Parts of Farm Animals

2. Organs of Farm Animals
3. Digestive, Circulatory and Respiratory systems

SUB TOPIC 1: Parts of Farm Animals

Anatomy can be defined as scientific study of parts and structures of farm animals while physiology refers to the way in which the bodies of farm animals function. The understanding of these helps the farmers to know how they function and be able to manage the animals effectively.

Animals’ body can be broadly divided into four

1. The Head: this consists of the uppermost parts of the animals’ body. The most important organs that are necessary for the survival and effective functioning are found in the head eg brain, eyes, ears, nose and mouth
2. The Thoracic Cavity: this consists of the chest region of the animals. It houses important body organs such as the heart, the lungs and Trachea.
3. Abdominal Cavity: this forms the stomach region of the animals. Important organs found here are liver, ovaries, uterus, fallopian tube, kidneys, intestines, spleen, gall bladder and pancreas
4. The Limbs: this comprises of the fore limbs and the hind limbs. They are essential for the smooth movement.

SUB TOPIC 2: ORGANS OF FARM ANIMALS

The animals’ body is composed of different organs. These organs enable the animals to function effectively. Some of these organs are treated below as follows:

THE KIDNEYS:  are two bean-shaped organs with reddish-brown in color located asymmetrically on the posterior dorsal body wall of the lumber-upper region of the abdomen.

LIVER: This is the largest organ of the body which works constantly to control major activities going on in the body of the farm animals.

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