Lesson Note on the Meaning and Importance of Agriculture For SS1

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Branches of Agriculture:

The scope and branches(areas of specialization) of agriculture include:

(i) Basic agriculture or agricultural education,

(ii) Animal science or animal husbandry or animal production,

(iii) Soil Science

(iv) Crop Production:

• Agronomy(study of crops)
• Pathology(study of crop diseases)
• Entomology(study of insect pests of crops)

(v) Horticulture:

• Pomology (deals with fruits )
• Olericulture (deals with vegetables )
• Floriculture (deals with flowers)

(vi) fishery,

(vii) forestry,

(viii) Agricultural Economics,

(ix) Agricultural Extension,

(x) Agricultural Engineering.

(xi) Veterinary machine

1. Basic agriculture/agricultural education: deals with the study of agricultural science as a subject i.e the teaching of agriculture in schools. A specialist in this area is called agricultural science teacher/lecturer.

2. Animal science Or Animal Husbandry Or Animal Production: deals with the study of the various farm animals. A specialist in this area is called an animal scientist.

3. Soil science: this addresses the study of soil appearance, composition, and nature of the soil. A specialist in this area is called a soil scientist.

4. Crop Production: deals with the study of the various type of crops that are cultivated by farmers. A specialist in this area is called a crop scientist. Crop production is divided into three:  Agronomy (the study of crops and soil), Pathology(the study of plant diseases), and Entomology(the study of insect pests).

5. Horticulture: deals with flowers, vegetables, and fruits. Horticulture is divided into three: Pomology (the study of fruits), Olericulture (the study of vegetables), and Floriculture (the study of flowers). A specialist in this area is called a Horticulturist.

6. Fishery: deals with the rearing of fish and other aquatic organisms in a body of water e.g. fish, crabs, crayfish, shrimps, etc. A specialist in this area is called a fishery officer.

7. Forestry: this is the area of agriculture that deals with the efficient management and utilization of forest trees and forest products. A specialist in this area is called a forest officer or forest guard.

8. Agricultural economics: agricultural economics is concerned with planning, management, marketing, and other economic activities involved in the production chain. A specialist in this area is called an agricultural economist.

9. Agricultural extension:

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