Lesson Note On The Animal Feeds and Feeding

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Type of Feeds or Feed-stuff

Feeds or feed stuff can generally be classified into the following:

1. Energy- yielding Feeds

These are feeds that are rich in energy and are highly digestible by farm animals. They have low crude fibre content. Examples of energy-yielding feedstuff are:

• The cereal grains: eg rice, maize, millet, wheat, guinea corn, barley, etc.
• Roots and tubers: eg cassava, yam, cocoyam, sweet potato, etc.
• Agro-industrial by-products: eg rice offal, brewers dried grain, wheat bran, maize bran, cassava peels, yam peels, etc.
• Fats and oils: eg palm oil, groundnut oil, cotton seed oil,

2. Protein-yielding Feeds

These are feeds that are made up of amino acids. Amino acids are the building blocks of protein. They are usually high in protein and are required by all farm animals for body-building. Protein-yielding feeds can be from plants or animal origin.

Examples of plant protein sources are: soyabean cake, groundnut cake, cottonseed cake, beniseed meal, cashew nut meal, palm kernel cake, etc.

Examples of protein feedstuff of animal origin include fish meal, meat meal, blood meal, oyster shell, limestone, common salt, eggshell, lime, etc.

3. Mineral-yielding Feeds

These are feeds that are required for the general maintenance and development of animals, particularly the skeletal tissues and reproductive system. Examples of feedstuff rich in minerals are bone meal, oyster shell, limestone, common salt, eggshell, lime, etc.