JSS3 Basic Technology Lesson Note on Types and Materials for Making Walls

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Types and materials for making walls.

Wall: It is a structural member in building (450mm) used mainly for the enclosure or division of a space within a building. It can be external wall or load bearing wall built right from the foundation to the roof level, it carries the weight of itself and some other elements e.g roof.

It can be internal cross walls, they are the non-load bearing wall (150mm), it carries only the weight of itself.

Function of a wall:

1. To carry the load and other elements in the building structure.
2. To divide a space as partition and as a compartment wall.

iii.  To protect the structure against the weather.

1. For privacy
2. For security purpose

Walling Materials: They include stone, clay and mud, Timber, Bricks, the sand creates blocks etc.

Types of walls: There are many types of walls, depending on the materials used and the method of construction.

1. Block wall
2. Partition wall
3. Sleeper wall
4. Timber wall
5. Foundation wall
6. Glass wall
7. Retaining wall
8. Cavity wall
9. Reinforced concrete walls
10. Stone wall
11. Bamboo wall
12. Clay or mud wall
13. Masonry wall

FINISHES: They are materials used to protect the surface of a wall from weather element. The common wall finishing are Plastering, rendering and painting.

Plastering:  This is the type of finishing that is given to the internal wall of a building. Cement and sand are mixed with water in ratio 1:3 with the help of hand Trowel. Two or three layers of plastering are recommended on the surface of a masonry wall.

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